Fake News

Vaccines

1. The COVID-19 vaccine will give you COVID-19

No, the vaccine will not give you the disease, says Dr. Thomas J. Duszynski, the director of epidemiology education at Indiana University. It's just like the flu vaccine can't give you the flu. And you can't get HPV from the HPV vaccine, and so on. However, because of the way vaccines work, people might have a false perception that a vaccine can give them the virus it's supposed to protect against, Dr. Dusznynksi says. 

"Some people may believe that as soon as you are vaccinated you are protected from the disease and that is not correct. When you get vaccinated, we have to wait for something called sero-conversion," he explains. During sero-conversion, your body recognizes the vaccine contents as an invader and begins to ramp up its attack on the invader.

This eventually leads to the development of antibodies that protect you from the virus. This process can take several weeks, so if you get the COVID-19 vaccine and shortly thereafter are exposed to the virus, you could still develop the illness -- leading to the perception that you got the disease from the vaccination, which is incorrect, Dr. Dusznynksi says.

2. The COVID-19 vaccine will be mandatory for everyone, no exceptions

This is false. Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, has already stated that mandatory vaccination would be "unenforceable and not appropriate." 

However, Dr. Robert Quigley, senior vice president and global medical director of International SOS, a health risk mitigation firm, says that local governments may exercise their right to enforce vaccination. 

"In previous times of public health crises, you'll find that states have exercised their legal authority to introduce a vaccine mandate that requires people who live in that state to get vaccinated," he says. "So yes, once a COVID-19 vaccine is available, your local government can require that those who live in the state be vaccinated, but it will not become a national mandate." States that do this may punish noncompliance with a monetary fine.

Individual employers, schools and school districts, sports teams and other institutions may require mandatory vaccination for people to attend or involve themselves.

3. The COVID-19 vaccine will be forcefully administered by the military

While the military does have a role to play in the COVID-19 pandemic and disaster response, the Department of Defense has made it clear that it is a "logistics-only" role. 

"The COVID-19 vaccine will not be forcefully administered by the military against anyone's will," Dr. Quigley says. "The DoD will have a role in assisting with distribution of the COVID-19 vaccines, and distribution only." This means the military will help source, acquire and deliver items like needles, syringes, swabs and other items needed to safely and effectively develop and administer vaccines. 

4. It's impossible to make an effective vaccine in just one year

It's normal and valid to worry about the speed at which the development of COVID-19 vaccines are progressing. However, just because the vaccine has been fast-tracked doesn't mean it won't work. 

"Vaccine making typically takes several years," Dr. Roshni Mathew, pediatric infectious diseases physician and the associate medical director for infection prevention and control at Stanford Children's Health, says. 

"In the case of COVID-19 vaccines, several steps that typically occur in sequence, occurred in parallel. The safety and efficacy safeguards, however, are all still in place and vaccines will not be approved for civilian use till they meet all the required standards," says Mathew.

5. The COVID-19 vaccine is a microchip so the government can track you

No. The COVID-19 vaccine will not contain any sort of microchip or tracking device implemented by the government. The COVID-19 vaccine is about preventing more cases, hospital stays and deaths. 

The vaccine syringes will likely contain something called an RFID microchip from medical solutions company ApiJect Systems America, which will allow public health agencies to collect information about when and where the vaccine was administered, but that microchip wouldn't be injected into your body. 

Plus, if the government wanted to track you, they could just use your social security number, your Facebook data, your cellphone usage, your home video security system or your mortgage loan information.

6. The COVID-19 vaccine will make you more susceptible to other illnesses

Vaccines historically do not result in immune suppression that leaves people susceptible to various diseases, Dr. Quigley says. "The infection itself may suppress the immune system of the host and negatively impact the host's ability to stimulate antibody production," he explains. "The vaccines, on the other hand, should be able to boost adaptive immunity," which refers to immunity acquired after exposure to a pathogen like the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Additionally, the COVID-19 vaccines in development in the US do not contain live viruses that could make you sick, Dr. Mathew says. "The vaccines simply cause the body to recognize the virus protein so the body's immune system can develop a response to it."

7. The vaccine is a bigger risk than contracting the illness; we should let the virus run its course naturally

Definitely not, says Dr. Tom Kenyon, a former CDC director and Project HOPE's chief health officer. "COVID-19 is on track to become the leading infectious disease killer in the world in 2020, exceeding the annual number of deaths from HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria," he says. "This is staggering." 

Allowing the virus to "run its course," as advocates of herd immunity say, will require hundreds of millions of cases -- just in the US. 

"It will take time, but to bring this pandemic to an end will require us all to unite and be vaccinated, as well as continue to follow recommendations from the scientists to wear a mask, keep a safe distance from others and to wash our hands," Dr. Kenyon says. 

8. The COVID-19 vaccine will completely stop the pandemic

Dr. Quigley puts it plainly: "This is not true." While a vaccine is the best way to prevent more people from contracting COVID-19, reduce hospital stays and minimize COVID-19 deaths, it's naive to think the production of a vaccine will automatically end the pandemic, he says. 

"Vaccines seek to create a world where we can return to our daily lives through immunity," Dr. Quigley says, but several challenges come with vaccines -- such as encouraging the public to actually get vaccinated. 

Plus, even if the entire population were to agree to vaccination, it's not as if every single person could get vaccinated simultaneously. "The vaccine is one strategy to reduce the risk of transmission and acquisition of infection," Dr. Mathew says. "Since the vaccine is not 100% efficacious, all the other measures [such as mask-wearing] would need to be in place till a substantial number of people are vaccinated."

Editor's note, Dec. 7 2020: This story has been updated to clarify that in order to reach herd immunity of the coronavirus in the US, we would need to have hundreds of millions of cases, not deaths.  

Antibiotics

Antibiotics & COVID-19
Antibiotics work only against bacteria, not viruses. COVID-19 is caused by a virus, and therefore antibiotics should not be used for prevention or treatment. However, if you are hospitalized for COVID-19, you may receive antibiotics because bacterial co-infection is possible.

Mosquito

The COVID-19 virus CANNOT be spread through mosquito bites
To date there has been no information nor evidence to suggest that the new coronavirus could be transmitted by mosquitoes. The new coronavirus is a respiratory virus which spreads primarily through droplets generated when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose. To protect yourself, clean your hands frequently with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water. Also, avoid close contact with anyone who is coughing and sneezing.

Food

Eating garlic does NOT prevent COVID-19
Garlic is a healthy food that may have some antimicrobial properties. However, there is no evidence from the current outbreak that eating garlic has protected people from the new coronavirus.

Adding pepper to your soup or other meals DOES NOT prevent or cure COVID-19 Hot peppers in your food, though very tasty, cannot prevent or cure COVID-19. The best way to protect yourself against the new coronavirus is to keep at least 1 metre away from others and to wash your hands frequently and thoroughly. It is also beneficial for your general health to maintain a balanced diet, stay well hydrated, exercise regularly and sleep well.

Mask and Exercise

People should NOT wear masks while exercising
People should NOT wear masks when exercising, as masks may reduce the ability to breathe comfortably. Sweat can make the mask become wet more quickly which makes it difficult to breathe and promotes the growth of microorganisms. The important preventive measure during exercise is to maintain physical distance of at least one meter from others.

Methanol

Drinking methanol, ethanol or bleach DOES NOT prevent or cure COVID-19 and can be extremely dangerous
Methanol, ethanol, and bleach are poisons. Drinking them can lead to disability and death. Methanol, ethanol, and bleach are sometimes used in cleaning products to kill the virus on surfaces – however you should never drink them. They will not kill the virus in your body and they will harm your internal organs. To protect yourself against COVID-19, disinfect objects and surfaces, especially the ones you touch regularly. You can use diluted bleach or alcohol for that. Make sure you clean your hands frequently and thoroughly and avoid touching your eyes, mouth and nose.

Spraying and introducing bleach or another disinfectant into your body WILL NOT protect you against COVID-19 and can be dangerous
Do not under any circumstance spray or introduce bleach or any other disinfectant into your body. These substances can be poisonous if ingested and cause irritation and damage to your skin and eyes. Bleach and disinfectant should be used carefully to disinfect surfaces only. Remember to keep chlorine (bleach) and other disinfectants out of reach of children.

People of all ages can be infected by the COVID-19 virus
Older people and younger people can be infected by the COVID-19 virus. Older people, and people with pre-existing medical conditions such as asthma, diabetes, and heart disease appear to be more vulnerable to becoming severely ill with the virus. WHO advises people of all ages to take steps to protect themselves from the virus, for example by following good hand hygiene and good respiratory hygiene.